What practice can be effective in preventing the spread of nematode pests?

Using resistant crop varieties is an effective strategy for preventing the spread of nematode pests. Resistant varieties have been specifically bred to withstand or reduce the impact of nematodes, either through mechanisms that deter the nematodes from feeding on the plant or by enabling the plant to withstand the damage caused by their feeding. This approach not only helps to protect the crop from yield losses associated with nematode infestation but can also reduce the population of nematodes in the soil over time, leading to long-term benefits for subsequent crops.

In contrast, practices such as fallowing the field might temporarily reduce nematode populations by leaving the soil bare, but this does not offer a long-term solution and might not be practical for all crop systems. Increased irrigation could potentially worsen nematode problems by creating a more favorable environment for their reproduction and survival. Late planting of crops may not directly mitigate nematode issues and can even expose crops to other pressures, including disease or harsher weather conditions. By focusing on resistant crop varieties, farmers can implement a proactive strategy that aligns with sustainable agricultural practices.